Coffee consumption can boost weight loss: Myths and facts

The current population is prone to chronic diseases, obesity & overweight-related cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance & diabetes raising mortality levels. In obesity, there is a slow prolonged adipose tissue or immune system-linked endocrine organ accumulation and increased pro-inflammatory response leading to organ damage & initiate other life-threatening diseases.

Adipose tissue is mostly found in the subcutaneous area, retroperitoneal and visceral areas. Insulin resistance and abdominal obesity are caused due to risiko atherogenic. Visceral adipose tissue growth enhances free fatty acid levels portal vein and liver increasing the risk of other chronic diseases.

At present complementary medicine, practices including herbs, parts of plants, and active ingredients are used to prevent chronic diseases. Regular obesity management therapies are diet and increased exercise-focused but achieve fewer positive results because of ignored continuous adipose cell multiplications. Mostly 5-10% weight loss reduces the chronic diseases risk rapidly.

As per studies, the addition of cost-effective herbs, vegetables, and fruits is more beneficial in treating long-term lifestyle diseases.

Coffee and weight loss

Caffeine-containing coffee stimulant consumption helps lose weight and reduces weight gain. It increases fat oxidation-associated thermogenesis and assists in lipid metabolism. Simultaneously decreases adipose tissue size and adipocyte cell number, increases adipose tissue heat production, the body’s basal metabolic rate and produces an anti-obesity effect. Caffeine also inhibits adipocyte proliferation and differentiation by stopping adipogenesis-related factors.

Biological Credibility of Coffee's anti-obesity Effect

Coffee contains bioactive compounds like Chlorogenic acid, cafestol and kahweol, trigonelline, caffeine and phenolic compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate and caffeoylquinic acids. Active compounds in coffee spike the sympathetic nervous system’s catecholamine activity, and the body’s overall energy expenditure, modulation of visceral fat tissue metabolism and cause weight loss.

Mechanism of coffee inhibitor action on adipogenesis linked thermogenesis in obesity

A

1. Phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibition and less adenosine monophosphate (AMP) hydrolysis
2. Increased (cAMP) levels and central nervous system activity
3. Encouraged lipolysis as hormone-sensitive lipase changes from inactive to active state

B

1. Stimulation of Cori cycle & free fatty acid triglyceride cycles
2. Movement of muscle lactate to liver
3. Pyruvate formation from liver lactate
4. Enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to glucose
5. Backflow of glucose to muscle blood circulation
6. Rapid increase in free fatty acid and lipid oxidation
7. Adenosine action is inhibited by caffeine against adenyl cyclase lipolysis
8. The sympathetic nervous system gets activated & lipolysis of white adipose tissue becomes regulated
9. Increases 4-5% energy expenditure & 10-16% fat oxidation
10. The body’s total fat level, satiety, thermogenesis & fat oxidation gets affected

Conclusion

For the obese population, moderate consumption of caffeine-containing coffee may help in weight management strategy and comorbidity prevention. Fat oxidation is intensified in obese individuals due to coffee but metabolism is still unclear. Hence there is a strong requirement for future studies and clinical trials on all therapeutic aspects of caffeine’s weight loss properties to be conducted on different populations.

References

1. J Nanomed Nanotechnol 2017, 8:1
2. Clinical Nutrition 42 (2023) 477e485

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